Spring washer



July 12, i932.. E, [Q COWUN 1,867,251

SPRING WASHER Filed May 28, 1951 /0 I INI @f y l: I.

@WMM

l 5V d z 1I IC7- @gamen/E16.

Lg r' A i Patented July 12, 1932 STATES EUGENE ID.- G01N LIN, OF MASSILLON,.

SPRING WASHER? Application feed May as, 1931. jserial'no; 546,576,

rEheV invention particularly' relates, to spring washers consisting of a ring having a radial cut'forming end portions which are bent from the plane of the ring in, opposite 5 directions so as to adapt themto engage' adjacently upper and lovver members, such lovve 'er member being preferably a Wood body or other comparatively soft substance and the upper member being usuallyanut. These engaging washer ends are bent upon substantially parallel lines running transversely of the Washer stock. More particularly, the invention relates to a spring Washer of this type a which is of uniform cross-section throughout, preferably of rectangular cross-section. Such a construction insures a Wood-engaging terminal portion which is blunt, and this Wood-engaging end is so bent that it extends in a direction approximately perpendicular to the faces of the body of the Washer so that the blunt terminal of the down-turned portion engages the Wood. The up-turned end is bent to a comparatively slight extent, al-

though in fact rather sharplyupturned, soV

e5 that the upper face of the upturned end engages the lower face of the adjacent nut, and .the terminal of the upturned end is adapted te' bite into the nut material, if the nut tends to back off the bolt. Preferably the ring seg'- ment is of helical formation.

he invention should be particularly distinguished from those constructions in whichV 5 stituting, however, but one of the various mechanical forms in which the principle of the invention may be illustrated.

In said annexed drawing:`

Figure 1 is a front elevation of my im-.

F-l. 'N proved spring Washer;

Figure 2-is a top plan thereof;

Figuresv and t fare, respectively opposite side. elevations;

, Y vFigure 5 is a bottom plam-the plane from which thedifferentviews,.Figures 25,3545 and` 5,"are taken being indicated .uponFigure 1 OHIOJSS'IGNQR TC mantienen mentenernnrnesottratti?, or iwrassrnnom o,rrro.n,oQR1?oRAT1oNfoIl DirioI bers'adapted to be conneetedbya bolt and cosoperatnig nut, which also are shown, and with` which. my .improved spring Washer is adapted: to co-operate, thevew showing the positions of the several parts after the nut has been only slightly tightened; and 1 Figure? is a view oftheiele'ments shown in FigureG afterthenuthas been Wholly tightened-f.

,-Figure' isa broken section of two inem-v Referring to the annexeddraw'ng in which Y the same parts; are,4 indioatedbythe sanierespective numbers vinthe several views, a ring Washer segment Y.has a main body portion 1 and two end portions fand formed bycutting the segment in' aradial 1ine2.. The segmenti-s preferably ofhelealfformation and kthe crosssectional shape ofthe stock is preferably rectangular. The end-members .and V6 are'r'espeetively downfturned and 11p-:turned upon bend lines 3 e, resp-,ectively:7 which are substantially parallel and extend transversely of the Washer stoclr. These bend lines and 4 are also substantially Aparallel with the radial but .line 2'.- 'lhe ends 5 and "6 are not bent laterally of the body 1 to any ,ap-

vpreciable extent but substantially entirely lie Within the vertical planes bounding the body 1. In bending and vrforming the oppositelydirected ends 5 and :6.,tl'1ey ,are not changed in crossseotional shape and size. These ends 5 :and .6 arefnot-vbent to the same extent but the end 5 -is bent downwardly to an extent approximating 1a right angle Withjithe Work-engaging vfaces of 4the .body l, and the end 6 is bentufpwardly only to a comparatively slight extent, ,althoughy lmarkedly npturned. The sharplyfbent :down-turned end 5 is designed to engage va Wood surface byl` its extreme 4enduportion 5, .and the upper face V6" of theaip-turned iend Gais designed `to engage .the lowerfaeeiofa Funthermone,

` fra thel upper terminal edge 62 of the up-turned end 6 is designed to cut into the nut, upon Vany tendency of the latter to back olf the bolt,

` so as to prevent such loosening of the nut.

Y In Figures' and 7 ,I have illustrated thev applicationof my improved washer. when a wood member 8 or other comparatively penetrative member is;joined to a second member 9 by a bolt 7 and a nut 10; In Figure 6 the helical 'spring washer is-fshown-en'gaging the d bottom face ofthe nut l0 by its up-turned end j 6 and slightly penetrating the underlying face vof the wood surface 8 withl its downturned end 5, the nut 10 being shown only slightly tightened in this view. In'l Figure 7, whereinthe nut 10-is entirely tightened down,v it willl bel noted that the down-turned end 5 has been pressed into the wood surface 8-to its full extent, that the body l andthe 11p-turned end 6 have been straightened. into substantially aplane body with the terminal portion "62 Vof thepup-turned end 6 slightly spaced from the wood-surface 8 whereby n this, terminal portion 62 is adapted to cut 'y into the under'rfa'ce of; t-he nut 10 upon any Ytendency of the latter tolback off of the bolt 7.

1. The described washer improvements present a construction which is economically Y manufactured and particularly lends vitself lto quantity production, the wireV being first coiled, andftlien the washercut olf and both :ends bent in one operation with the same tool.

The described washer construction, because of the blunt formation of the wood-penetrating end, does not unduly readily penetrate the fwood but-throws thereactive force back into the washer bodyto be 'exerted against the face ,ofthefnut. The construction also, vbecause of the nature of the kformation of the up-turned end, permits theeiicient andconvenient application land tightening of the nut and securely engages and holds the face of y the nut thus efficiently preventing the lloosen'- 'ing and backing-off of the same,

.What l claim isp. n 1. A spring washer comprising a split ring segment of uniform cross-sectional shape and size throughout, said segment having a body portion, a wood-engaging endbent from said bodyportion toi an approximately ninetydegree angle, `and a nut-engaging end bent from said bodyportion at an angle materially lessthan ninety degrees.A i

v2. Aspringwashercomprising a split ring segment of uniform cross-sectional shape and -size throughout,.said segment having a helical body portion', awood-engaging end bent from said body portion to an approximately niney ty-degree angle, and a nut-engaging end bent fromsaid body portion at an angle materially Yless than ninety degrees.

3. A spring washer comprising a split ring segment o f substantially uniform rectangular 1 cross-section-throughout, said'segment havingia body portion, an' up-turned nut-engaging end and a down-turned wood-penetrating Y end, said ends being'formed by bending the stock upon lines substantially parallel withV the split of the segment, said down-turned end being bent to an approximately ninetydegree anglek and terminating in a blunt terminal portion, and said up-turned end being .bent atan angle materially less than ninetyy degrees whereby it presents an edge tothe face of t'lienut which it is adapted to engage. 4. A spring washer comprising a split ring segment of substantially uniform rectangular cross-section tliro ughout7 said segment having av helical body portion, an upper Lip-turned nut-engaging end and a lower down-turned wood-engaging end,said endsbeing formed by bending the stock upon lines substantially parallel with the split of the"segment,said down-turned end being bent toan approximately ninety-degree angle and terminating 1p in ,a blunt terminal portion, and said upfY turned end being bent at an angle materially less than ninety degrees whereby it presents .an edgeto the `face of the-nut which it is adapted to engage.

i 5..' A spring locli washer comprisinga substantially annular member formed with a f radial cut saidmeinber having ends of substantially `uniform rectangular cross-section,

said ends being bent about lines substantially parallel to said cut, one of said ends being bent downwardly to Vanv approximately ninetydegree angle and having its terminal portion blunt, and the other of said ends being bent upwardlvmateriallv less than ninety degrees a-nd presenting an edge adapted to preventV ythe baclingofl" of a nut. l l Y 6t Ay spring lockwasher comprising a split. ring member throughout, saidmember having its ends bent about llines substantially parallel to the split thereof, one of said ends being bent downwardly to an approximately ninety-degree angle, theL other of said ends being bent up-r wardly at an angle materially less than nineofV uniform f cross-section' ty degrees, and the terminal portionof each end being unchanged in cross-section by the bending whereby the downwardly bent end presents ablunt terminal to the surface it enclaim characterized by said member being A of helical formation between thebent ends thereof. Y A Y SignedV byv me this 25th day of May, 1931.. EUGENEKQD. GOWLIN. 

